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Articles  or substances which are capable of   posing a risk to health, safety, property or
                              the environment and which are classified in the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations.
                              The Dangerous Goods should meet the criteria of one or more of the nine UN hazards
                              classes (Appendix 1).

                         4.5  Genetically modified microorganisms:

                              Microorganisms  in  which  genetic  material  has  been  purposely  altered  through  genetic
                              engineering in a way that does not occur naturally.

                         4.6  Infectious substances:

                              Substances  which  are  known  or  are  reasonably  expected  to  contain  pathogens.
                              Pathogens  are  defined  as  microorganisms  (including  bacteria,  viruses,  rickettsiae,
                              parasites, fungi and other agents such as  prions) which can cause disease in humans or
                              animals.

                         4.7  Medical / clinical wastes:

                              Wastes derived from the medical treatment of animals or humans or from bioresearch.

                         4.8  Outer container

                              A sturdy, leak-proof container , for example, a box, flask, styrofoam box, chiller
                              box that is used to contain the secondary container.

                         4.9  Over pack

                              A large box that is used to transport multiple  triple package

                         4.10  Primary container orreceptacle:

                              A container or receptacle in contact with the biological or environmental material to be
                              transported.

                         4.11  Referral Laboratory:

                              Laboratory which receives  specimens from another  facility  for  investigation.

                         4.12  Secondary packaging:

                              Provides additional protection for the primary container, is leak-proof and may include
                              absorbent  material.

                         4.13  Shipper:

                              Individual or agency that has the licence to transport specimen

                         4.12 Referring Laboratory

                              A laboratory that  sends  biological  substance or environmental sample to
                              a referral  laboratory  for  further  investigations.
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